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This is a continuously updated archive of the Aroid-L mailing list in a forum format - not an actual Forum. If you want to post, you will still need to register for the Aroid-L mailing list and send your postings by e-mail for moderation in the normal way.
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Re: [Aroid-l] Adelonema
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From: Peter Boyce <phymatarum at googlemail.com>
on 2011.11.23 at 09:03:11
Dear Christopher, Gondwana is almost certainly the place of origin of the lineage that led to modern aroids. As to age, currently the ‘agreed’-upon molecular clock age is [stem-group] Araceae have been dated to ca 131 million years before present, [crown group] Araceae to ca 128 million years ago (Janssen & Bremer 2004). Dates for Alismatales [stem-group] are to ca 131 million years before present, [crown group] Alismatales to ca 128 million years before present (Janssen & Bremer 2004; ca 133 and 103 million years before present respectively in Bremer 2000); Magall=F3n & Castillo (2009) suggest ca 147 million years for relaxed and 126 million years for constrained penalized likelihood datings of the beginning of divergence within Alismatales - these dates are probably underestimates [dates presented here are paraphrased from APG http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APWeb/] References Bremer, K. 2000b. Early Cretaceous lineages of monocot flowering plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97: 4707-4711 Janssen, T., & Bremer, K. 2004. The age of major monocot groups inferred from 800+ rbcL sequences. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 146: 385-398. Magall=F3n, S., & Castillo, A. 2009. Angiosperm diversification through time. American J. Bot. 96: 349-365. From: aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com [mailto:aroid-l-bounces@www.gizmoworks.com] On Behalf Of Christopher Rogers
Sent: Tuesday, 22 November, 2011 11:43 PM
To: Peter Boyce
Cc: Discussion of aroids
Subject: Re: [Aroid-l] Adelonema So, is this data sufficiently robust that a center of radiation can be inferred? Gondwanan maybe? On Tue, Nov 22, 2011 at 3:18 AM, Peter Boyce <phymatarum@googlemail.com> wrote: There a quite some “shared” clades for this trans ecozone distribution: The ‘obvious’ ones are the Schismatoglottis Alliance [Philonotion][Cryptocoryneae+Schismatoglottideeae] The Monsteroideae (with notably Rhaphidophora in W Africa, and IndoMalaya) The Lasioids, especially Anaphyllopsis (Neotropics) Lasimorpha (W Africa), Anaphyllum (India), Lasia/Cyrtosperma/Podolasia (Asian tropics) The extraordinary Nephthytis in West Africa & N Borneo More subtly Aglaonema/Aglaodorum (Asian tropics) is compellingly linked to almost wholly African Nephthytideae. The most ‘complete’ clade is in American Journal of Botany 98(4), 654–668] - Cusimano et al 2011.pdf Peter Thank you, Peter and Tom! So, thinking biogeographically, am I understanding you correctly that Adelonema and Homalomena are sister taxa, having split roughly 75mya? Even 75 mya, these regions were never near each other. Do you think that these genera used to be distributed from South America, across Africa to Southeast Asia? Are there any sister clades in Africa for these genera or for other genus groups with a similar South American/Asian distribution? On Mon, Nov 21, 2011 at 2:27 AM, Peter Boyce <phymatarum@googlemail.com> wrote: Hi Marek, and other aroid-l folks, Tom as nicely summed up the situation; allow me to put some more meat on the bones. We have two independent sets of molecular data that show convincingly that the Neotropical species currently assigned to Homalomena do not belong there NOR do they belong in Philodendron – as had been suggested by a previous study [Molecular phylogeny of the genus Philodendron (Araceae): delimitation and infrageneric classification - [Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 13–27] - Gauthier, Barab=E9 & Bruneau 2008]. The ‘coarse’ detail is a molecular clock study by Nauheimer et al, which gives dates the diversification of the Neotropical and Paleotropical clades at a minimum of ca 75 MYA. The ’fine detail’ comes from a molecular study we’ve done in Malaysia as part of our work on the “true” Homalomena species. This paper is in prep. now, a spin-off from the phylogeny work done by two of our Master’s projects (Ng Kiaw Kiaw – who works on chemical profiling - and Hoe Yin Chen, who’s working on pollination and floral fragrance analyses). While Curmeria is ‘better known’, the earliest name is Schott’s Adelonema. The published accepted names (<dates>) involved for the Neotropics are: Adelonema | | Schott | Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 316 | 1860 | [T] Adelonema | erythropus | (Mart. ex Schott) Schott | Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 317 | 1860 | Caladium | erythropus | Mart. ex Engl. | Fl. Bras. 3(2): 172 | 1878 | Curmeria | | Linden & Andr=E9 | Ill. Hort. 20: 45, t.121 | 1873 | Curmeria | picta | auct. | Gard. Chron., n.s., 1874: 92 | 1874 | [T] Curmeria | picturata | Linden & Andr=E9 | Ill. Hort. 20: 45, t.121 | 1873 | Curmeria | roezelii | Mast. | Gard. Chron., n.s., 1874(2): 804 | 1874 | Curmeria | wallisii | (Regel) Mast. | Gard. Chron., n.s., 1877(1): 108 | 1877 | Homalomena | crinipes | Engl. | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 124 | 1905 | Homalomena | erythropus | (Mart. ex Schott) Engl. | Pflanzenr., 55(IV.23Da): 130 | 1912 | Homalomena | erythropus subsp. allenii | Croat | Aroideana 27: 131 | 2004 | Homalomena | hammelii | Croat & Grayum | Phytologia 82(1): 37 | 1997 | Homalomena | kvistii | Croat | Aroideana 27: 135 | 2004 | Homalomena | moffleriana | Croat & Grayum | Aroideana 27: 137 | 2004 | Homalomena | peltata | Mast. | Gard. Chron., n.s., 1877(?): 273 | 1877 | Homalomena | picturata | (Linden & Andr=E9) Regel | Gartenflora 26: 33 | 1877 | Homalomena | roezelii | (Mast.) Regel | Gartenflora 26: 33 | 1877 | Homalomena | speariae | Bogner & Moffler | Aroideana 7: 37 | 1984 | Homalomena | wallisii | Regel | Gartenflora | 1877 | Homalomena | wendlandii | Schott | Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 308 | 1860 |
Bold non-italic text are currently accepted species. All of these names above in Homalomena will be combined into Adelonema. Tom has also three new species, and a new variety of H. (A.) crinipes. Non-bold italics are synonyms [T] =3D type species for the genus Adelonema will comprise 16 taxa. One additional Neotropical ‘Homalomena’, H. solimoensis G.M.Barroso [Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 15: 89 1957] was moved to Philodendron by Eduardo as: Philodendron humile E.G.Gon=E7. Peter Is Adelonema a valid genus? I've read about it in the "=FCberlist" published in the IAS homepage. What species of Homalomena have been moved? Can I find any document on the web?
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--
D. Christopher Rogers
((,///////////=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<
785.864.1714 Crustacean Taxonomist and Ecologist
Kansas Biological Survey
Kansas University, Higuchi Hall
2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047-3759 USA Vice President, Southwest Association of Freshwater Invertebrate Taxonomists SAFIT.ORG
--
D. Christopher Rogers
((,///////////=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<
785.864.1714 Crustacean Taxonomist and Ecologist
Kansas Biological Survey
Kansas University, Higuchi Hall
2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047-3759 USA Vice President, Southwest Association of Freshwater Invertebrate Taxonomists SAFIT.ORG
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