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Year Vol.
(Issue) Pages Author(s) Title

2014 37(1) 3-8 Eduardo G. Gonçalves Elucidating Caladium tuberosum (S. Moore) Mayo & Bogner (Araceae) (Buy)
ABSTRACT: The monotypic genus Aphyllarum was erected in 1895 by Spencer Moore to accommodate a leafless aroid he collected in Mato Grosso state, Central-western Brazil. For more than 70 years the only species of the genus (A. tuberosum) was not recollected until an Anglo-Brazilian team of botanists finally found it in a second location. Although more information could be obtained from these new collections, fresh flowers were neither observed nor preserved, so important aspects of the floral morphology were still missing for a critical analysis of this elusive genus. In the last decade of the 20th Century, Aphyllarum was finally considered a synonym of Caladium Vent. but many lacunae on flower morphology were left unfilled owing the the lack of good flowering material. In 2006, living material of this species were collected and kept in cultivation for the first time, where it flowered and made possible a critical analysis of floral morphology, here described and illustrated. The presence of a coherent style was finally confirmed, but it seems to be essentially different of the morphology seen in Xanthosoma, and more similar to structures found in other recently described species of Caladium.

2014 37(1) 9-32 Sin Yeng Wong, Low Shook Ling, Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXV – Seven New species of Aridarum (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Seven new species of Aridarum are described and illustrated: Aridarum pendek S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce and A. velutandrum S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C. Boyce [Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo]; A. alatense S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce, A. surukense S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C. Boyce, and A. zygosetum S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce [Kalimantan Barat and Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesian Borneo]; and A. hebe S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce [Kalimantan Utara, Indonesian Borneo]. Aridarum caulescens var. angustifolium Bogner & Nicolson is shown to represent a further undescribed species from Sarawak, and is here published as Aridarum orestum S.Y.Wong, S.L.Low & P.C.Boyce. Together these seven novelties take the genus Aridarum to 21 accepted, described species. An identification key to all species is provided.

2014 37(1) 33-37 Peter C. Boyce, Sin Yeng Wong Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XIV – A New Rheophytic Species of Homalomena from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Homalomena stella P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong is described as a new rheophytic species and illustrated from living plants. Based on several shared morphological characteristics the possible affinity of H. stella with Homalomena havilandii Ridl. is highlighted.

2014 37(1) 38-43 Peter C. Boyce, Sin Yeng Wong Studies on Homalomeneae (Araceae) of Borneo XV: A Novel Limestone-Obligated Homalomena from SW Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Homalomena selaburensis P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong is described as a taxonomic novelty of the Homalomena Supergroup from forested Karst limestone in Samarahan Division, SW Sarawak, and compared with the most similar species described so far from Sarawak (Homalomena passa S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce), and from Peninsular Malaysia (Homalomena curvata Engl.). An identification key is provided and Homalomena selaburensis is illustrated from living plants.

2014 37(1) 44-46 P.M. Resslar, Josef Bogner Using Gibberellic Acid (GA3) to Induce Flowering in Caladium sororium Schott (Araceae)
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ABSTRACT: Dormant tubers of an unidentified collection of Caladium Vent. that would not flower in the greenhouse were soaked in a solution of gibberellic acid (GA3) with a concentration of 600 ppm for four hours to induce the formation of inflorescences. Several plants formed inflorescences, and the collection was identified as Caladium sororium Schott.

2014 37(1) 47-60 Hans-Juergen Tillich A New Look at Seedlings of Araceae (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Seedlings of Araceae can be assigned to three basic types: type A with endosperm and a compact cotyledon, type B with endosperm and a cotyledonary hypophyll expanded to form an early photosythetic area, and type C with endospermless seeds and an enlarged, green storage cotyledon. The seedling morphology of 64 genera of the family is currently known. The distribution of the seedling types on a molecular tree is documented. Type B seedlings are restricted to Aroideae. The systematic value of seedling characters is discussed. Seedlings provide no decision about the position of Calla in the family.

2014 37(1) 61-71 Marc Gibernau, Roger S. Seymour Pollination Success of the Corsican Helicodiceros muscivorus (Araceae) (Buy)
ABSTRACT: The pollination success of the dead horse arum, Helicodiceros muscivorus, was studied in one Corsican population. This aroid species is pollinated by deception, attracting blowflies by mimicking the floral volatiles emitted by mammal cadavers. The reproductive individuals were taller and larger than non-reproductive ones, indicating that the plant vigor and thus the available amount of resources is an important factor in the production of an inflorescence. The reproductive success of the dead horse arum increased with the size of the inflorescence, as judged by a positive linear correlation between the appendix length and the total number of flies trapped within the floral chamber. Larger inflorescences had a longer appendix and thus a better probability to attract and dupe pollinating flies. The absence of correlation between floral sex-ratio and the spadix size indicated that there was no expression of the size-advantage model in H. muscivorus apparent in some other Araceae. The most probable explanation is that pollination efficiency is high because of low diversity and high abundance of pollinating insects.

2014 37(1) 72-79 Cyrille Claudel, Ralph D. Mangelsdorff Hybridization of Amorphophallus — State of the Unions (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Following the articles in Aroideana vol. 35 and vol. 36 (referred to as vol. 35 or 36 in the further text) we document further attempts in hybridizing Amorphophallus. Although still far from being conclusive a few further observations are presented concerning the compatibility and the heterozygosity. Besides we want to add a new category in the ‘‘fail’’ and ‘‘success’’ column: the ‘‘albino’’.

2014 37(1) 80-88 Walter Lämmler, Josef Bogner Elias Landolt and the Duckweeds (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Elias Landolt was born on July 24, 1926 in Zurich, Switzerland. He read biology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH: Eidgeno¨ssische Technische Hochschule) where in 1950 he completed his undergraduate work on: ‘‘Synergismen im Bereich von Mikroorganismen’’, and in 1953 graduated with the Ph. D. thesis ‘‘Untersuchungen u¨ber die Artengruppe Ranunculus montanus Willd. in den Alpen und im Jura’’. From 1953 to 1955 he was carrying out postgraduate studies at the Department of Plant Biology of the Carnegie Institution, Stanford University, California (USA), and also at the Earhard Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology (CALTECH) in Pasadena. This was the beginning of his research on duckweeds which resulted in the first publication about the group (Landolt, 1955). His habilitation thesis dealt with physiological and ecological aspects of duckweeds, and the resulting paper was published in 1957. From 1964 to his retirement in 1993 he was tenured professor at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH) and from 1966 to 1993 he was also director of the Geobotanical Institute of the same institution. He passed away aged over 86 years on April 1, 2013. (Figs. 1 and 2)

2014 37(1) 89-94 Taylor Marshall, Mark Davis, Ashlee McCaskill, Frank Corotto Spadix Function in Pinellia pedatisecta (Araceae) (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Pinellia species possess a long, slender spadix appendix that extends well beyond the spathe. We assessed the function of the spadix appendix in the green dragon, Pinellia pedatisecta. Plants were subjected to one of the following four experimental treatments: removal of the spadix appendix, removal of the male flowers, removal of the spadix and male flowers, and sham control. Fruit set was reduced in plants lacking male flowers, but the degree of reduction was greater in plants that also lacked the spadix appendix than in those that possessed it. The reduction in fruit set that accompanied male flower removal is consistent with the established ability of this species to self-fertilize. Our finding that the reduction of fruit set was less when the spadix appendix was present than when it was absent suggests that the appendix attracts pollinators and promotes crossfertilization. Crossing would help maintain genetic diversity in this species that also selfs.

2014 37(1) 95-104 Thomas B. Croat A Review of Anthurium Species with ‘‘Black’’ Spathes (Buy)
ABSTRACT: Species with dark purple-black spathes have been found in several sections, sect. Belolonchium, Calomystrium, Pachyneurium and Polyneurium. Thus the character of a blackish spathe is plesiomorphic. The distribution of species with purple-black spathes is centered on Colombia and Panama. A review of the known species with purplish black spathes is presented and one new species, Anthurium bantanum Croat & J. Deal is proposed. Species with purple-black spathes are A. atramentarium Croat & Oberle, A. bantanum Croat & J. Deal from Antioquia, A. cabrerense Engl, from the Cordillera Central, A. caramantae Engl. from both the Cordillera Occidentale and the Cordillera Central, A. cupreonitens Engl. in Norte de Santander Department in the Cordillera Oriental, A. flavolineatum Sodiro from southern Colombia to Ecuador and A. watermaliense L. H. Bailey & Nash in L. H. Bailey which ranges from Costa Rica to Panama.

2014 37(1) 105-110 Dylan P. Hannon Species Profile: Philodendron patriciae Croat (Araceae) (Buy)
ABSTRACT: In 1983, not far from Quibdo´ , near the R?´o Atrato, Dr. Croat found a patch of forest that was especially rich in aroids. After visiting the same place for two days he had by no means exhausted its potential for aroids of interest. This lightly forested area had been harvested, but not destroyed, by woodsmen in previous years, and here Dr. Croat found one of the most exciting aroids known from the Choco´ : an undescribed species of Philodendron. It remained ‘‘known’’ in the sense that its existence was recognized by a few people; many years would pass before it was formally described and published. The species was actually first collected by Dr. Alwyn Gentry and Enrique Reneteria in 1979 (no. 24115), but the specimen had remained unnamed in the herbarium. Closely associated with the progress towards being named was the successful introduction of this plant to cultivation and its subsequent propagation by seed.

2014 37(1) 111-117 David J. Leedy Growing Arum — An Experiment in Fort Worth, Texas (Buy)
ABSTRACT: While not widely known or grown, I am of the opinion that most arum will do well in North Central Texas. I am attempting to grow as many species and cultivars as I can get here in Fort Worth.

2014 37(1) 118-120 John Criswick Toyo in Grenada
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ABSTRACT: I had noticed some plants looking like tannias growing in uncultivated areas and was told that this is a ‘‘wild’’ plant known as Toyo. Generally larger than the cultivated plants, Toyo produces a long stem or rhizome above ground but apparently no cormels or not sufficient in size to harvest. The main ‘‘trunk’’ is in fact harvested as pig food, although I have been told that humans eat it too.

2014 37(1) 121-123 Enid Offolter Wall Update…
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ABSTRACT: It has now been two years and the growth has been mind blowing. Anthuriums, peperomias, and ferns are the proven winners. Philodendrons need just the right spot, however. Some of the plants are actually growing so large that it is difficult to stand far enough away to get the whole plant in the picture.

2014 37E(1) 4-10 Román Felipe Díaz-Ayala, Luisa Fernanda Hurtado, Julio Andrés Sierra-Giraldo First record of Anura (Dendropsophus columbianus -Anura: Hylidae-) as floral visitors of Araceae (Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng) (Read)
ABSTRACT: No amphibian has yet been reported among the many interactions between Araceae and their flower visitors. This paper reports the possible use of the inflorescences of Zantedeschia aethiopica as a habitat for Dendropsophus columbianus, and suggests that further exploration of this kind of interaction would be of interest.

2014 37E(1) 11-16 Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXIV – The Fruits of Schottariella mirifica (Read)
ABSTRACT: The fruits of Schottariella mirifica P.C. Boyce & S.Y. Wong are described and illustrated for the first time and shown to be dehiscent berries, the second recorded example of this fruit type for tribe Schismatoglottideae, and the third for the family Araceae. The berries of Schottariella mirifica dehisce basally with the shed portion of the berry containing 3–5 comparatively large seeds, each fully enclosed in a fleshy white aril.

2014 37E(1) 17-28 Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXVII – Three enigmatic new species of Schismatoglottis from the "Heart of Borneo" (Read)
ABSTRACT: Three new species of Schismatoglottis of uncertain taxonomic affinity (S. camera-lucida P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong, S. gampsospadix P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong, and S. gui P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong) are described and illustrated from the north western part of the “Heart of Borneo”.

2014 37E(1) 29-50 Thomas B. Croat, Ben Friedenberg, Carla V. Kostelac New Species of Philodendron (Araceae) from South America (Read)
ABSTRACT: Nine species of Philodendron (Araceae) are described as new: Philodendron alanbrantii Croat, P. arbelaezii Croat, P. bayae Croat, P. bernardoi Croat, P. bomboizoense Croat, P. brantii Croat, P. camarae Croat, P. candamoense Croat and P. fosteri Croat.

2014 37E(2) 4-10 Peter C. Boyce, Sin Yeng Wong Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXXIII: Fenestratarum culum - A new genus and species from Kalimantan Barat, Indonesian Borneo (Read)
ABSTRACT: Fenestratarum is described as a new genus of Tribe Schismatoglottideae, with a single novel species, Fenestratarum culum. Preliminary molecular analyses places Fenestratarum near the base of a clade comprised of Bakoa, Hottarum, two clades containing species currently assigned to Aridarum, and a clade of species presently included in Piptospatha.

2014 37E(2) 11-16 Marcus A. Nadruz Coelho, Morgana F. R. Rabelo A New Species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Brazil (Read)
ABSTRACT: A new species of Anthurium is described for Brazil, Anthurium rioacimensis Nadruz & Rabelo, occurring in the municipality of Rio Acima, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The restricted distribution indicates that studies regarding its conservation are needed. Diagnoses, illustrations and comments on geographic distribution, ecology, phenology and conservation status are provided for the species presented in this article.

2014 37E(2) 17-25 Sin Yeng Wong, Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXX: Schismatoglottis petradoxa and S. tseui, new shale-obligate rheophytes of uncertain affinity (Read)
ABSTRACT: Two taxonomically new rheophytic species of Schismatoglottis of uncertain affinity, S. petradoxa S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce sp. nov. and S. tseui S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce sp. nov., are described and illustrated from forested shale waterfalls in central North Borneo.

2014 37E(2) 26-33 Raquel R.B. Negrelle, Francine L. Cuquel Germination and seedling emergence of blackvine (Philodendron corcovadense Kunth). (Read)
ABSTRACT: Results from the effects of fruit physiological maturity, hydration conditions, and growing media over black-vine (Philodendron corcovadense Kunth) seeds germination (under controlled conditions - laboratory) and seedlings emergence (under non-controlled conditions - greenhouse) are presented. Results obtained showed that black-vine seeds from mature fruits (external peel from dark-orange to dark-red) germinated better than immature fruits (external peel from yellow to light-orange). The seed hydration condition (L1: seeds without prior water soaking and volume of water equal to 2.5 times the paper sheets weight; L2: seeds without prior water soaking and volume of water equal 5.0 times the paper sheets weight; L3: prior 24 h water soaking and volume of water equal the paper sheets weight) did not affect the germination rate. Seedling emergence was not affected by growing media [C1: forest litter + sand (1:1 by volume) and C2: forest litter + sand (2:1 by volume)]. Under greenhouse conditions, mist proved to be favorable to seed emergence.

2014 37E(2) 34-49 Sin Yeng Wong, Low Shook Ling, Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXXII: Additional new species of Aridarum (Read)
ABSTRACT: Three new species of Aridarum are described and illustrated: Aridarum perplexum S. Y. Wong, S. L. Low & P. C. Boyce from Kalimantan Barat, Indonesian Borneo, Aridarum sabahense S. Y. Wong, S. L. Low & P. C. Boyce from Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, and Aridarum spissum S. Y. Wong, S. L. Low & P. C. Boyce from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Together these novelties take the genus Aridarum to 24 accepted, described species. The new species inserted into an updated identification key to Aridarum species.

2014 37E(2) 50-55 Peter C. Boyce, Sin Yeng Wong, Abdul Sahal Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXXIV: Piptospatha nivea, a new species from Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesian Borneo (Read)
ABSTRACT: Piptospatha nivea is described and illustrated as new species, unique among Bornean Piptospatha by possessing a white spathe limb, and compared with the nearest most similar species, Piptospatha colata S.Y.Wong & P.C.Boyce. Aside from possessing a striking and unique inflorescence P. nivea represents an almost 300 km southerly extension to the known range of the genus.

2014 37E(2) 56-68 Sin Yeng Wong, Peter C. Boyce Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo XXXXV: The flowering and fruit development of Schismatoglottis tecturata (Read)
ABSTRACT: The flowering and fruit development of Schismatoglottis tecturata (Schott) Engl.is illustrated.

2014 37E(2) 69-78 Bo Liu, Yujing Liu, Wujisiguleng Cao, Shuang Zhang, Zhengze Liu, Yanan Ni Ethnobotany of Medicinal Aroids in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Read)
ABSTRACT: Based on ethnobotanical investigation and references review, five species of Araceae are reported as of great medicinal value in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. They are Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G. Don, A. odora (Roxb.) C. Koch, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, C. gigantea (Blume) Hook.f. and Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwait. Their scientific name, Chinese name, local name, distribution, use in traditional medicine, a review of natural-product chemical constituents, potential ecological depositions and conservation issue are described and discussed. Conclusion has been made that these aroids have great exploitation and utilization value, but future work is still needed to make full use of these species.

2014 37E(2) 79-87 Thomas B. Croat, Vincent Pelletier, Ludovic Salomon, Jean Weigel New species of Xanthosoma (Araceae) from Western French Guiana (Read)
ABSTRACT: A new species of helophytic Xanthosoma, X. nodosum Croat & V. Pelletier, is reported for western French Guiana. The species is a member of section Xanthosoma and is allied with X. sagittifolium (L.) Schott and X. jacquinii Schott but differs from both of those species by its hydric habit and conspicuously arrayed short knobby rootlike propagules on its stem. In addition, Xanthosoma jacquinii also differs by having a spathe tube which is dark purple on the inside.

2014 37E(2) 88-93 Van Du Nguyen, Van Tien Tran, Cong Sy Le, Thi Van Anh Nguyen Rediscovery of Arisaema pierreanum Engl. after 145 Years, and its Current Status (Read)
ABSTRACT: The genus Arisaema belongs to the Arum family – Araceae, which includes about 210 species Govaerts & Frodin, 2002 and is distributed from temperate to tropical areas, mainly in high mountain region. Since established by Martius in 1831, the genus Arisaema was studied by different authors such as Schott (1860), Engler (1920), D. Chatterjee (1955), Hara (1971), Li Heng (1979), Ohashi and Murata (1980), Murata (1984), V.D. Nguyen (1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2007). In Engler’s publication, many new species from different countries were described. Among them, Arisaema pierreanum was described based on the collection from Ba Den mountain (Tay Ninh province of Vietnam) made by L. Pierre in his journey in Indochina in 1869. Over 150 years passed without any collection of this species made from other places and with no information published on this species. This paper redescribes the species with more detailed morphological characters, discusses the status of the plant now, and provides images of living plants.